NIAID's HIV/AIDS Research Program

Although progress has been made in the global fight against HIV/AIDS, the epidemic continues to devastate the United States and the international community with 56,300 new HIV infections each year in the U.S. and an estimated 33 million people living with HIV worldwide. As the leading U.S. government institute for HIV/AIDS research, NIAID is committed to conducting the research necessary to successfully end the fight against HIV/AIDS.

Through laboratories and clinics on the NIH campus in Bethesda, Md., and a vast network of supported research at universities, medical centers and clinical trial sites around the globe, NIAID is working to better understand HIV and how it causes disease, find new tools to prevent HIV infection including a preventive vaccine, develop new and more effective treatments for people infected with HIV, and hopefully, find a cure.

Topical Microbicides

Currently, women make up half of all people worldwide living with HIV. Many women are not in a position to refuse sex or negotiate condom use with their male partners, leaving them vulnerable to HIV infection. To provide women with an HIV prevention tool they can initiate, NIAID is testing microbicides — gels, foams or creams — that can be applied topically inside the vagina to prevent sexual transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. NIAID is also researching topical microbicides that can be applied rectally to prevent HIV infection among men who have sex with men.

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