NIAID's HIV/AIDS Research Program

Although progress has been made in the global fight against HIV/AIDS, the epidemic continues to devastate the United States and the international community with 56,300 new HIV infections each year in the U.S. and an estimated 33 million people living with HIV worldwide. As the leading U.S. government institute for HIV/AIDS research, NIAID is committed to conducting the research necessary to successfully end the fight against HIV/AIDS.

Through laboratories and clinics on the NIH campus in Bethesda, Md., and a vast network of supported research at universities, medical centers and clinical trial sites around the globe, NIAID is working to better understand HIV and how it causes disease, find new tools to prevent HIV infection including a preventive vaccine, develop new and more effective treatments for people infected with HIV, and hopefully, find a cure.

The Next Generation of HIV/AIDS Treatments

One of NIAID’s greatest success stories is that its research led to the development of numerous antiretroviral drugs to treat HIV/AIDS turning what was once a uniformly fatal disease into a manageable chronic condition for many. Currently, there are 31 FDA-approved antiretroviral drugs available to people infected with HIV. Although these medications have enabled people infected with HIV to lead longer and healthier lives, drug resistance, tolerability and toxicity remain issues for some patients. NIAID is working to find new and more effective therapeutic products, drug classes, and combinations as well as safe and effective treatments for dangerous AIDS-related co-infections, such as hepatitis, malaria and tuberculosis.
NIAID is also exploring therapies that suppress the amount of HIV to such low levels that an HIV-infected person would no longer need treatment because his or her immune system could keep the remaining virus in check, creating in essence a “functional cure.”

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